Understanding Rotator Cuff Tear
What patients commonly notice
A partial or complete tear of the tendons that help lift and stabilise the shoulder can cause pain and weakness. The exact pattern and severity can vary, so a clinical assessment is important before deciding on treatment.
Common symptoms
- Pain when lifting the arm or lying on the shoulder
- Weakness with overhead activity
- Difficulty reaching, dressing or performing daily tasks
Causes and risk factors
There may be more than one contributing factor. Common possibilities include:
- Age-related tendon degeneration
- A fall, sudden pull or shoulder dislocation
- Repetitive overhead loading
How is rotator cuff tear assessed?
Assessment usually considers pain, strength, stability and both active and passive shoulder movement. X-rays, ultrasound or MRI may be requested when they will help clarify the diagnosis or guide treatment.
Treatment options
Treatment is matched to the diagnosis, symptom severity, general health and the activities you need to return to. Options may include:
- Physiotherapy, activity modification and pain control
- Selected injection treatment
- Arthroscopic repair for appropriate traumatic or persistent tears
Surgery is not automatically the first step. When it is considered, the likely benefit, alternatives and recovery requirements should be discussed clearly.
Common questions
Can a rotator-cuff tear heal without surgery?
Many degenerative tears do not physically reattach, but pain and function can improve with rehabilitation. Traumatic tears, marked weakness and larger tears deserve earlier specialist assessment because repairability can change over time.
Do I need an MRI or ultrasound for a rotator-cuff tear?
Imaging is selected after the examination. Ultrasound or MRI can define the tendon injury, while X-rays help identify arthritis, calcification and bone shape that may influence treatment.
When is rotator-cuff repair usually considered?
Repair may be considered after an acute traumatic tear, significant functional weakness or persistent symptoms despite suitable rehabilitation. Age, tear size, tendon quality and personal goals affect the decision.
This page provides general patient information and does not replace a consultation or personalised medical advice.